1 - Autism
Definition:
Autism means a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a child's educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences.
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2 -Deafness
Definition:
Deafness is defined as “a hearing impairment that is so severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification.”
*Important to understand the distinction between Deafness and Hearing Impaired.
Hearing impairment is defined by IDEA as “an impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.”
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3 - Developmental Delay
Definition:
A Developlment Delay is defined by IDEA as someone:
1)Who is experiencing developmental delays as defined by the State and as measured by appropriate diagnostic instruments and procedures in one or more of the following areas: Physical development, cognitive development, communication development, social or emotional development, or adaptive development; and
(2) Who, by reason thereof, needs special education and related services.
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4 - Emotional Disturbance
Definition:
A condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time:
An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors
An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers
Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances
A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression
A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems.
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5 - Orthopedic Impairment
Definition:
Orthopedic impairment is defined as a severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes impairments caused by congenital anomaly (e.g., clubfoot, absence of some member, etc.), impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis, etc.), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures).
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6 - Intellectual Disability
Definition:
defined by IDEA as “…significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.” [34 CFR §300.8(c)(6)]
defined by IDEA as “…significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.” [34 CFR §300.8(c)(6)]
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7 - Multiple Disabilities
Definition:
Encompasses
a combination of conditions that may impact a student’s ability to learn and
achieve success in an academic setting.
- Students with severe disabilities are typically included under this terminology.
- This disability category includes those students with the most severe physical, cognitive, and communicative impairments.
- The common connection isn’t that they have two or more co-existing impairments, but that they generally need extensive support across any number of skill areas.
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8 - Deaf/Blindness
Definition:
Simultaneous hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness.
Simultaneous hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes such severe communication and other developmental and educational needs that they cannot be accommodated in special education programs solely for children with deafness or children with blindness.
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9 - Specific Learning Disability
Definition:
Disorder in 1 or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which disorder may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations, including conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury , minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. If the student does not achieve at the proper age and ability levels in one or more of several specific areas when provided with appropriate learning experiences age-appropriate instruction in one of more of the following areas:
Disorder in 1 or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which disorder may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations, including conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury , minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. If the student does not achieve at the proper age and ability levels in one or more of several specific areas when provided with appropriate learning experiences age-appropriate instruction in one of more of the following areas:
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10 - Visual Impairment - Including Blindness
Definition
According to IDEA - Sec. 300.8 (c) (13)
Visual impairment including blindness means an impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness.
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11 - Tramatic Brain Injury
Definition:
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act defines Traumatic Brain Injury as “an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a child's educational performance. Traumatic brain injury applies to open or closed head injuries resulting in impairments in one or more areas, such as cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract thinking; judgment; problem-solving; sensory, perceptual, and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior; physical functions; information processing; and speech. Traumatic brain injury does not apply to brain injuries that are congenital or degenerative, or to brain injuries induced by birth trauma.
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12 - Hearing Impairment
Definition:
Hearing impairment means an impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating, that adversely affects a child's educational performance but that is not included under the definition of deafness in this section.
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13 - Other Health Impairment
Definition:
Other health impairment means having limited strength, vitality or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment
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14 - Speech and Language Disorders
Definition:
Specific words in IDEA
Speech or language impairment means a communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. [34 CFR §300.8(c)(11]
Speech or language impairment means a communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. [34 CFR §300.8(c)(11]
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